The ever-increasing effects of climate change, especially rising sea levels, have heightened concerns across the world over the sustainability of the environment, ecological justice, and socio-political inequalities, driven by colonial pasts. Conventional literary criticism is not always able to bring to the point the interrelated aspects of environmental degradation, historical exploitation, and cultural narratives of eco-dystopian fiction. To close this gap, this paper suggests an ecocritical approach that combines postcolonial theory with environmental humanities to explore how eco-dystopian literature reflects crises caused by climate change and the disproportionate impact of these changes on vulnerable populations. The research began with a systematic choice of representative eco-dystopian texts and thematic preprocessing in terms of textual categorization and discourse analysis. Then, visualization methods, such as thematic mapping are used to find a common pattern in connection to environmental breakdown, displacement, and colonial exploitation. Spatial (geographical setting and ecological setting), and temporal (historical projections and future projections) dimensions were identified in the narratives through a feature extraction process. The developed framework based on the ecocriticism and the postcolonial analysis employs a hybrid method of analysis to construct the complex relationships between environmental change and colonial legacies. Ecocritical approaches study how nature is represented, ecological disorder and human-environment relations and postcolonial approaches emphasize both how power is distributed, resources consumed, and that the environment is inequitably distributed, due to colonial pasts. In addition, they were optimized by comparing the literature to achieve perfect thematic consistency and topicality. The results indicate that the eco-dystopian fiction does not only mirror the physical implications of climate change, but also reveals the historical inequalities that amplify the environmental vulnerability. The paper shows that floodwater stories tend to represent ecological disaster and the historical impacts of colonialism. The suggested framework gives a better idea of how literature may be a critical medium for understanding climate justice and socio-environmental change.