Digitalization has emerged as a transformative force influencing economic systems, governance mechanisms, financial markets, and business models across the globe. In India, the rapid expansion of digital infrastructure, fintech innovations, real-time payment systems, and e-governance initiatives has significantly contributed to economic development. This chapter examines the multidimensional impact of digitalization on commerce, management practices, financial inclusion, infrastructure growth, and sustainable development in India. Drawing upon secondary data from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), and the Economic Survey of India, the study highlights empirical trends demonstrating exponential growth in digital transactions, internet penetration, and technology-enabled entrepreneurship. The findings indicate that digitalization has enhanced productivity, reduced transaction costs, improved transparency, strengthened financial inclusion, and facilitated innovation-led growth. India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has emerged as a global benchmark for interoperable digital payment systems, processing billions of transactions annually. Additionally, the expansion of digital public infrastructure, including Aadhaar-enabled services and Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT), has improved governance efficiency and reduced leakages in welfare delivery. Challenges such as the digital divide, cybersecurity risks, data privacy concerns, and skill gaps remain significant barriers to inclusive digital growth. The chapter concludes that while digitalization is a catalyst for economic transformation, sustained policy interventions, regulatory frameworks, and digital literacy programs are essential to ensure equitable and sustainable development.