In the 21 st century, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become one of the cornerstone components of a business’s sustainable practices. Today, the majority of contemporary frameworks for CSR derive their roots from the Western tradition of ethical theories and stakeholder definitions; whereas India has a long tradition of civilizational social responsibility inherently built into its very own knowledge system. There are centuries of economic behavior in India shaped by philosophies like Dharma, Lokasaṅgraha, Dāna, Seva, and Trusteeship which were utilized to always ensure economic efforts were aligned to the greater good of society and acted with ethical and moral integrity to benefit the entire society collectively. This chapter will look at CSR from the perspective of the Indian Knowledge Traditions (IKT). The study seeks to demonstrate that far from being eccentric and somewhat unrelated to CSR, many of the oldest philosophies, ethical principles and socio-economic thought that exist within IKT can actually provide us with a holistic, value-based foundation on which businesses can conduct themselves ethically in a sustainable manner. By integrating classical Indian text and language with the historical record of the socio-economic thought and practices that are found in these cultures, along with the new CSR laws that have emerged through contemporary business practice, this chapter will present an indigenous or culturally based framework for defining CSR that aligns ethical purpose with sustainable development. Thus, the study seeks to advance the current discourse surrounding CSR within the academic literature by demonstrating the manner in which IKT can enhance corporate governance, ethical leadership and the support of inclusive growth in a globalized economy.